Laboratory #9 Operational Amplifiers 1

This was a long lab which we did for two days. It was basic using the amplifiers increase the small input voltage, and make it bigger when becomes the output.
Before we start the lab, we read the lab, so that we knew the op-amp that is actually consist of a lot of resistors, transistors and capacitors. According to the material, we could calculate the set up first. We got Ri(theoretical)=1K, and Rf(theoretical) for 10K. In addition, we used both power supply for 6V.  The Rx just equal to V^2/P=288, Is=V/Rx=.02A. The maximum setting for Ry which is just 1/0.02A=50ohms, but the actual we had is 51ohms. In order to know the Vth, we did figure out the current first, which is 6/288=0.1717A, so by using the KCl, -6+288*I=-Vth, so the Vth=2.9V. After all the calculations, we set up out circuit by using Ri=988ohms, Rf=9.87kohms, Rx=297 ohms, a the vary resistor,and V1=12.12V, V2=12.13V.

As the image set up, we measured out group of data the Vout=0.019V,-2.5,-5.07,-7.55,-9.94, so the gain that we had which are all around 10. Then we measured Vri=0.003V,0.25V,0.5V,0.75V,0.99V,so we could calculate the Iri=0.003mA, 0.253mA, 0.506mA, 0.759mA, 1.002mA. Also the Vrf that we got are 0.019V, 2.53V, 5.09V, 7.6V, 9.97V.

For the last part that we did in the lab was measuring the Iv 1 and Iv 2, that we got 0.6mA, and 0.99mA, and we thought out data was good.  For calculating the power for each one just P1=V1*I1=12.12*0.6mA=7.272mW and P2=V2I2=12.13*0.99mA=12.0087mW. 

After doing this lab, i feel more interesting because we actually did some stuff which change something. I am looking forward the second op-amp lab.

Laboratory #8 PSpice Thevenin and Max Power (Homework)

The homework that i did by using the PSpice tools which made the homework problem seems easier and more clear. Here is the plot image to show the thevenin below:

The number that i have is Vth =50V , the Rth =5 ohms

here is the second plot to show the max power:

The Vth45.38 , Rth= Vload=97.44 and Pload=5.28W.

Laboratory #7 Pspice for Thevenin and Norton Equivalents

This lab could showed us more details on the voltage at each point by using schematics, and the range of the voltage by looking at the sweep map. Based on the tutorial, we got the following pictures.

The numbers that we got was exactly same from what we calculated in the class. It means this software works really well.  Then, we run the circuit to show the DC sweep image.

The second circuit was a little bit hard to draw and it need VSRC to find the probing current and voltage by using the DC sweep.

The Voltage image:

The current image:

The last part of this experiment was to find the maximum power.

Finally, we got the maximum power was 250μW,  inallAfter all, i felt the PSpice is a powerful tool, it could help us to figure the Vthevenin, norton current and even the maximum power. It also show us the image of the unknown question. It will save us a lot of time to do the homework.